Domestic Minor Sex Trafficking Prostitution Or...

Domestic Minor Sex Trafficking: Prostitution or Exploitation? Although the history of child sex trafficking in developing nations has been widely documented, recently research has revealed that minor sex trafficking (also known as child prostitution) is a growing problem within U.S. borders as well. â€Å"Child prostitution is the sexual exploitation of a minor for profit, which can include money, drugs, or other items of value† (Center for Arizona Policy, 2014). The sexual exploitation of minors is a lucrative business managed by pimps who use methods of seduction, coercion and/or excessive force to exploit children in exchange for profit. Recent studies indicate that the average age for entry into child prostitution is 12-14 years old,†¦show more content†¦In order to understand the victimization of child prostitutes, it is necessary to look at the process in which they are usually recruited. The first step in the pimp’s victimization of young females is referred to as â€Å"romancing†. Usually pimps target girls that possess a low self-esteem and, as previously stated, are already victims of abuse. Often traffickers will present as wealthy business men doting on the girls with gifts, verbal affirmation, and offering opportunities for fame and money. Once the pimp has gained his victim’s trust, he begins to exploit her. The next step is called â€Å"seasoning.† In this stage, the perpetrator begins to condition his victim by breaking down her resistance through methods such as threats, torture, rape, starvation, blackmail, humiliation, branding, and forced drug use. During this stage, victims undergo extreme psychological manipulation. It is no surprise that prolonged exploitation results in severe physical and psychological trauma including but not limited to STD’s, bruises, burns, broken bones, branding, substance abuse, developmental disorders, eating disorders, homelessness, self-mutilation, in somnia, anxiety, ADHD, severe depression, personality disorder, and bipolar disorder. Clearly sex trafficking is not a victimless crime. Adults who participate in the buying and selling of minors for commercial sex are sexual predators that should be prosecuted. The Main Positions

Essay about Marx (The Communist Manifesto) and Rousseau

The political philosophy of Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Karl Marx examined the role that the state played and its relationship to its citizen’s participation and access to the political economy during different struggles and tumultuous times. Rousseau was a believer of the concept of social contract with limits established by the good will and community participation of citizens while government receives its powers given to it. Karl Marx believed that power was to be taken by the people through the elimination of the upper class bourgeois’ personal property and capital. While both philosophers created a different approach to establishing the governing principles of their beliefs they do share a similar concept of eliminating ownership of†¦show more content†¦Rousseau establishes the Social Contract (Compact) that will provide the solution for a protective community of free individuals, who submit their freedoms or duties to the betterment of the whole collecti ve body. While the individual is still free to conduct his life in freedom, the same citizen has a requirement to conduct business and make decisions that will be what’s best for the body. If everyone in the body commits to the arrangements of the contract, then the general members will have no problems with compelling to the political structure (Rousseau pg. 11). When it comes to property (or capital), Rousseau concludes that the citizen has the right to take everything that is needed. He also has the right to work his labor and cultivate enough for a profit. He calls the State as the â€Å"in relation to its members, is master of all their goods by the social contract, which, within the State, is the basis of all rights; but, in relation to other powers, it is so only by the right of the first occupier, which it holds from its members† (Rousseau pg 13). He warns against not occupying land that is claimed by the citizen. This a basic call that entering into the social contract is giving up the right to personal possessions. It is a general will for the common good. You give up everything to get back what you require from the state. The state makes decisions for its members. ItShow MoreRelatedKarl Marx View On Capitalism1084 Words   |  5 PagesKarl Marx was a philosopher who was engaged in economic politics, sociology, and radical politics. Marx saw the world as two different entities. He saw it as a scuffle between the bourgeoisie and the proletariats. This is what divided the capitalist society. Marx believed everyone works in some shape, form, and fashion. The bourgeoisie were the individuals that held the capital and the proletariats were the wage-laborers. The social aspect would then come in to play. 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Marx believed that capitalism was a product of the industrial revelation. This labor class and class division, he felt crippled individuals which made them have little or no self worth. Harriet Jacobs, Life of a Slave Girl, John Locke, Second Treatise of Government and Jean-Jacques Rousseau, The Social Contract all have similar beliefs and discussions on the equality

Innovations In Behavioral Marketing And Essay Example For Students

Innovations In Behavioral Marketing And Essay MARKETING MANAGEMENTTERM PROJECT?Innovations in Behavioral Marketing and Electronic Commerce?Date: June 15, 2000Table of ContentsPreface1? . Introduction? . Benefits of Electronic Marketing? . Effectiveness of E-CommerceI. Ways for Promoting your WebsiteII. Learning about your VisitorsIII. Segmenting your Internet Market? . E-Commerce in LebanonI. Lebanese Companies on the NetII. Customer Adaptation to E-Commerce Websites? . ConclusionI. IntroductionAn online marketing channel is one that a person can reach via computer and modem. A modem connects a computer to a telephone line so that the computer user can reach various online information services. There are two types of online channels:Commercial Online Channels: Various companies have set up online information and marketing services that can be accessed by those who have signed up for the service and pay a monthly fee. The best-known online services are: CompuServe, America Online, and Prodigy, with more than 3,200,000, 3,000,000, and 1,600,000 subscribers respectively. These online channels provide subscribers with five main services: information (news, libraries, education, travel, sports, reference), entertainment (fun and games), shopping services, dialogue opportunities (bulletin boards, forums, chat boxes), and E-mail. The Internet:The Internet is a global web of some 45,000-computer networks that has made instantaneous and decentralized global communication possible. Originally established to facilitate research and scholarly exchanges, the Internet is now available to a much broad audience, some 25,000,000 people. Users can send e-mail, exchange views, shop for products, and access news, food recipes, art and business information. The Internet itself is free, though individual users may need to pay a commercial service to be hooked up to it. II. Benefits of Electronic MarketingWhy have online services become so popular? First, they provide three major benefits to potential buyers:? Convenience: Customers can order products 24 hours a day wherever they are. They do not have to sit in traffic, find a parking space, and walk through countless aisles to find and examine goods. And they do not have to drive all the way to a store, only to find out that the desired product is out of stock. ? Information: Customers can find reams of comparative information about companies products, and competitors without leaving their office or home. They can focus on objective criteria such as prices, quality, performance, and availability. ? Fewer hassles: With online services, customers do not have to face salespeople or open themselves up to persuasion and emotional factors. Second, online services also provide a number of benefits to marketers:? Quick adjustments to market conditions: companies can quickly add products to their offering and change prices and descriptions. ? Lower costs: Online marketers avoid the expense of maintaining a store and the accompanying costs of rent, insurance, and utilities. They can produce digital catalogs for much less than the cost of printing and mailing paper catalogs. ? Relationship building: Online marketers can talk with consumers and learn much from them. Marketers can also upload useful reports, or a free demo of their software, or a free sample of their newsletter, onto the system Consumers can then download these items into their electronic mailboxes. ? Audience sizing: Marketers can learn how many people visited their online site and how many stopped at particular places on the site. This information can help the marketers improve their offers and ads. Clearly, marketers will want to consider using online services to find, reach communicate, and sell. Online marketing has at least four great advantages. First, both small and large firms can afford it. Second, there is no real limit on advertising space, in c ontrast to print and broadcast media. Third, information access and retrieval are fast, compared to overnight mail and even fax. Fourth, shopping can be done privately and swiftly. However, online marketing is not for every company or for every product; thought has to be given to if, when, and how it should be done. III. Effectiveness of E-CommerceIn order for your company to be effective in its electronic commerce, some conditions must be satisfied. For example, your company should promote its web site properly in order to attract visitors who are the companys potential customers. Thus the more the visitors, the higher the probability of having more customers. Another point of concern is the size of the Internet, which constitutes a humongous market. Therefore, attacking it as a whole would be a difficult task for the company. That is why companies usually tend to segment the market into small niches to give each of them an equivalent portion of the companys attention. In addition, the company must keep in mind that there are millions of surfers with different wants and needs, different age groups, sexes, ethnicity, social lifestyles, educational levels, and so on. This issue pushes almost every company with a web site running online to start knowing its online customers in order to serve them best, knowing that online competition is increasing vastly each and every day. A. Ways for Promoting your WebsiteThe most important first step is to register your site with the main Web search engines, so we begin with steps to prepare your Web pages for optimal indexing. 1. Write a Page Title. Write a descriptive title for each page of 5 to 8 words. Remove as many filler words from the title, such as the, and, etc. This page title appears on the Web search engines when your page is found. Entice surfers to click on the title by making it a bit provocative. Use some descriptive keywords along with your business name on your home page. For example, instead of LAU use LAU ? Leading University in Middle East . The more people see in the blue highlighted portion of the search engine that interests them, the more likely they are to click on the link. 2. List Keywords. To get your juices flowing, sit down with some associates and brainstorm a list of 50 to 100 keywords or key phrases the kind of words or phrases someone might search on to find a business or site lik e yours. Then refine the list to the most important 20 or so. Those words are placed at the top of the Web page internally not visible on the page in a META tag1. Search engines use them in order to locate the site. Note however, that some research on search engine algorithms indicates that a fewer number of keywords may help you better target the most important search if you are working to increase your pages ranking on the search engines. Consider using both lowercase and capitalized forms of your very most important words, since some search engines are case-sensitive. 3. Write a Page Description. Select the most important 20 keywords, and write a sentence or two. You do not need to repeat any words used in the page title. Keep this readable but tight. Those words are placed at the top of the Web page internally in a META tag1 too. They will appear in the search result of search engines when a user requests a search for one of the specified keywords. 4. Submit Page to Search Engines. Next, submit your page to the important Web search engines and directories. The most important search engines that robotically spider or index your site are: Yahoo, AltaVista, Excite, HotBot, Lycos, Infoseek, WebCrawler, and Northern Light. 5. Request Links on Industry Sites. You probably belong to various trade associations that feature member sites. Ask for a link. Even if you have to pay something for a link, it may bring you the kind of targeted traffic you crave. 6. Include URL on Stationery, Cards, and Literature. Make sure that all reprints of cards, stationery, brochures, and literature contain your companys URL. And see that your printer gets the URL syntax correct. In print, it is recommended leaving off the http:// part and including only the www.domain.com portion. This way it is easier to memorize. 7. Promote using traditional media. Do not stop print advertising you have found effective. However, be sure to include your URL in any display or classified ads you purchase in trade journals, newspapers, etc. View your website as an information adjunct to the ad. Catch readers attention with the ad, and then refer them to a Web page where they can obtain more information or perhaps place an order. Sometimes these ads are more targeted, more effective, and less expensive than online advertising. Consider other traditional media to drive people to your site, such as direct mail, classifieds, post cards, etc. 8. Develop a Free Service. It is one thing to say, Come to our site and learn about our business. It is quite another to say Use the free kitchen remodeling calculator available exclusively on our site. Make sure that your free service is closely related to what you are selling so the visitors you attract will be good prospects for your business. Give visitors multiple opportunities and links to cross over to the sales part of your site. 9. Request Reciprocal Links. Find complementary websites and request a reciprocal link to your site (especially to your free service, if you offer one). Develop an out-of-the way page where you put links to other sites so you dont send people out the back door as fast as you bring them in the front door. 10. Issue News Releases. Find newsworthy events (such as launching your free service), and send news releases to print and Web periodicals in your industry. 11. Request Links from Business Link Sites. Especially if you offer a free service, you can request links from many of the small business linking pages on the Web. When you have something free to offer, many doors open to you. Surf the Net looking for places that might link to your site. Then e-mail the site owner or Webmaster with your site name, URL, and a brief 200-word description of what you offer there. 12. Capture Visitor E-mail Addresses and Request Permission to Send Updates. On your websites response form, include a checkbox where the visitor can give you permission to e-mail updates about products or services. Now your e-mails to visitors are not Spam. You are responding to their request for more information. It is recommended capturing first and last name in separate fields so you can market personally to them. But only ask for the information you need or they wont fill it out. 13. Publish an E-Mail Newsletter. While its a big commitment in time, publishing a weekly, monthly, or quarterly newsletter is one of the very best ways to keep in touch with your prospects, generate trust, develop brand awareness, and build future business. You can distribute your newsletter using your e-mail program, or have people subscribe on your website directly to a listserver program offered by your Internet Service Provider. 14. Install a Signature in your E-Mail Program. Most e-mail programs such as Eudora, Netscape, or Outlook allow you to designate a signature to appear at the end of each message you send. Limit it to 6 to 8 lines: Company name, address, phone number, URL, e-mail address, and a one-phrase description of your unique business offerings. Look for examples on e-mail messages sent to you. 15. Promote Your Site in Mailing Lists and News Groups. The Internet offers thousands of very targeted mailing lists and news groups made up of people with very specialized interests. Do not use aggressive marketing and overtly plug your product or service. Rather, add to the discussion in a helpful way and let the signature at the end of your e-mail message do your marketing for you. People will gradually get to know and trust you, visit your site, and do business with you. 16. Announce a Contest. People like getting something free. If you publicize a contest or drawing available on your site, you will generate more traffic than normal. 17. Join a Banner Exchange Program. Essentially, you agree to show a rotating banner on your site for other Link Exchange members, and they do the same for you, and there is a possibility youll earn something through paid banner ads, too. 18. Purchase Banner Ads on Appropriate Sites. You may need to spend money to boost traffic by purchasing banner advertising. Choose sites that seem to attract the kinds of people who would be good prospects for your business or product. You can find media brokers who can help you find appropriate and cost-effective places to advertise, especially if you have a significant advertising budget for branding purposes. Things Fall Apart Essay PaperA. Lebanese Companies on the Net Roula Mousa, managing director of Netways, could hardly control her excitement while speaking on the global implications the World Wide Web will have on the worlds future. Speaking at a workshop hosted by the ministry of economys trade information center she pointed to the range of benefits that being plugged into the Net could bestow. If a company needs to know how their stocks are doing on the Beirut Bourse, it can always just punch in *www.bse.com.lb* and get the days closing prices. Want to check out new real-estate investment opportunities in the country? Check out *www.homesandland.com* and you can get a listing of land and property for sale according to your specifications. The possibilities are endless, but ?its a war here,? she said. If a company wants to compete in todays global village, it needs to learn how to market and sell its products, recruit employees and search out clients, all over the Net. For this r eason, the ministry of economy will be hosting free Internet workshops for Lebanese companies on a monthly basis. There are more than 100m Internet subscribers across the world, of which 60 per cent are in the US. Of that number, 100,000 are from Lebanon, half of them university students. There are more than 8m websites on the World Wide Web and, according to the estimates, more than 5,000 Lebanese companies are represented on the Net. Some have made it into a valuable tool. Exotica is an example. Through its website at *www.exotica.com.lb* a client can order, pay by credit card and have delivered an order of flowers or a potted plants, without having to do more than click a mouse button. The typical Internet E-Commerce includes catalog-shopping merchandise, distribution, wholesaling and other commercial activities. The success of these solutions will be driven by consumer confidence in the security and confidentiality of their transactions. The basic way to handle commerce via the internet is to setup an HTML form where users can enter the items they wish to buy, shipping address and credit card information. By using a secure socket layer (SSL), server and browser will ensure that third parties cannot discover the credit card information. Alternative way to increase the security of credit card transaction is to use a trusty transaction company between the merchant and customer, so the merchant does not see the customers credit card number. II. Customer Adaptation to E-Commerce WebsitesReaching the world, and more specifically lucrative Arab markets, does not need grandiose planning. Computers are spreading and making Arab citizens potential consumers to an electronic form of commerce dominated by multinational firms with huge financial and technological resources. Despite foreign competition, the Internet can fuel economic growth in our country. E-commerce is practiced differently between the two powers that dominate virtual business in the world, Europe and the United States. European e-commerce is mostly comprised of retail selling, such as buying flowers, cameras and computers on the Internet using credit cards, or other ?secure? payment methods designed not to let financial accounts fall into the wrong hands. In the U.S., there is a large and increasing consumer appetite to buy goods and financial services on the Internet, but firms also rely on the Web for their supplies and to keep stocks at a minimum through wha t is known as ?business to business? transactions. In Lebanon, the volume of both types of virtual trading is negligible. Businesses tend to think of the Internet as a method of displaying their goods and services on-line, not as a tool to increase sales and cut costs. At the global level, forecasts for e-commerce growth are quite daring: From $59 billion last year, international consultants Deloitte says that virtual trade would cross the $1 trillion barrier by 2002, mainly from business-to-business deals. Asia, it seems, is destined to continue lagging behind with a less than $50-million share compared to more than $800 million for U.S. businesses. Such calculations cast of grim shadow over the Arab East, which is already being left behind the rest of the world economy in the traditional fields of industry and services. The vast majority of Asias e-commerce is conducted in advanced nations such as Singapore and Japan. What can we expect then from Arab businesses? How can we avoid being confined to another footnote in the globalization story? The Arab virtual market is small. The U.A.E. is the most virtual with more than 200,000 Internet surfers up to April. Lebanon is in good shape with respect to its Arab neighbors and is not very far from 100,000 subscribers. The Syrian government limits the spread of the Internet to its citizens who dial-up using Lebanese providers. Saudi Arabia is finally booming after the government allowed a highly censored Internet to reach the population. In terms of personal computers, we notice that Saudi Arabia has formidable infrastructure (almost 1 million PCs), which justifies the Internet explosion there. The Levant enjoys much less purchasing power, but hopefully economic liberalization will finally hit the whole region, raise the standard of living and spread computers more rapidly to an eager, multi-lingual and educated population. One of the very few studies I managed to come across showed that 9 percent of Arab Internet s urfers make on-line purchases. But the market for credit cards, the main settlement mechanism on the Internet, is also growing. Lebanons 30,000 credit cards two years ago are have exceeded to 100,000 in 1999, and is expected to rise to 300,000 in 2001 with banks such as Credit Libanais working to introduce state of the art chip-based plastic. Lebanon defines itself on the virtual map by a set of encouraging numbers and some innovative approaches to e-commerce. A liberal business code has allowed the spread of tens of Internet firms that are competing primarily by undercutting each others prices and making the costs of accessing the Web among the lowest in emerging markets. Lacking huge RD budgets, Lebanese firms are devising low cost, yet effective, ways to wipe consumer fear of the Internet. Fransabank began by introducing a credit card with a monthly limit of $100-$200 to be used when making on-line purchases. If a credit card number is stolen, the resulting losses would be minima l. Other banks among them Lebanon Gulf Bank, Credit Libanais, Blom, Audi, Inaash have followed with even lower limit Internet pre-paid cards. Local service providers are teaming up with international firms to market the secure payment methods adopted internationally, such as Data Management, which linked with Kleline, and Inconet with Global Sign. While a major credit card issuer, CSC has teamed with Moscanet for providing a new way of secure payments in Lebanon. Another positive development has occurred on the Web itself. Some firms managed to break from the monotony and dullness that characterized Arab sites and carved a niche of selling goods to a large base of Lebanese expatriates, such as sweets manufacturer Hallab. In the financial industry, customers of the Arab Finance Corporation trade on-line. Despite these bright spots, the market is stagnant and has not reached an international level of maturity. Most sites are dull, slow and difficult to manipulate. I tried to buy a bo ok on-line from a local site. I only had a choice of the latest available publications (about six books) and waited for what felt like a decade for the necessary page to open. It was much easier to go to the bookshop, buy the book and come back before the page finished downloading. So there is huge room for technological improvements to make the Internet faster and the connection more efficient. But a fair bit of investment is needed to upgrade system speed, create sophisticated sites and conduct large-scale marketing campaigns to familiarize the consumer and merchant with the new medium, especially the business-to-business side. The probability that such investments can be made through the small firms that form the market is tiny. Their small sizes limit their access to finance and the amount of salaries they can pay specialists capable of taking the e-business a step up. (Majzoub R., downloaded from http://www.dailystar.com.lb)V. ConclusionIndividuals will be able to process docum ents and pay their bills using the governments network. Mohammed Amin of the Ministry of Economy and Trade made the announcement and several conceded that at present there are obstacles in the path to the future incomplete telecommunications infrastructure, non-existent e-commerce legislation and a lack of consumer awareness. ?Electronic commerce and its various services represent an easy and inexpensive opportunity for Lebanese businesses to compete on the regional and global markets,? said al Amin, director-general at the ministry. ?The public and private sectors are both responsible for the development of e-commerce in Lebanon,? said Amin. ?The Lebanese government intends to play an active role in this area.? The government strategy includes the creation of a flexible legislative framework for electronic commerce and its adoption as the model in government transactions. The government also hopes to encourage small and medium sized businesses to adopt new technology and increase investment in information technology education and infrastructure. Louis Hobeika, chairman of Sodetel, stressed the importance of IT development in all companies. ?Speeding transactions and minimizing costs is the key to doing business,? he said. ?Electronic-commerce helps businesses reach this target.? According to Hobeika, certain drawbacks limit the propagation of electronic-commerce in Lebanon, including slow network speed, consumer awareness and secure transactions. ?Fraud on the Internet is a major concern for an e-commerce company,? he said. ?But the fact is that less money is lost to Internet fraud than mobile phone fraud.? According to Forrester Research, only $1 is lost to Internet fraud per $1,000 revenue transactions, compared to $19.63 for the cellular phone industry. Electronic-commerce turnover reached $59 billion in 1998, mainly in business-to-business deals. ?In the future, technology will allow people to bypass local authorities such as Customs,? said Salah Rustom, president of CIE Lebanon. ?Governments that show flexibility in their legislature will benefit more than those who dont,? he added. ?The Beirut Chamber of Commerce is working on a proposal to facilitate the movement of information, goods and services,? said Hobeika. ?Few Lebanese companies make use of their website for business,? said Rami Majzoub, sales executive at Reuters. ?They use it mainly for promotional purposes.? Majzoub suggested that e-commerce could help Lebanon regain its global muscle, but that the market was still in its infancy and needed incentives to grow. ?Lebanon has the competitive advantage in certain areas including low dial-up costs, a growing number of credit card holders, and businesses that recognize the potential of the web,? said Majzoub. ?But the industry is still at a crossroads and needs to consolidate and attract joint venture capital to grow to its full potential.? Majzoub invited businesses to recognize the electronic market, and to act now becaus e tomorrow is too late. __________________________________________________________________Foot Notes:1) Meta tag: is a programming script tag used in HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language), which is used for developing web sites. This tag includes a description of the web site and some keywords that describe the web site. The purpose of it is to allow search engines to index the web site for users to easily locate it. Example: *META NAME=KEYWORDS CONTENT=university, education, Lebanese American University, etc **META NAME=DESCRIPTION CONTENT=LAU is the leading university in the Middle East etc *2) Merchant: is a company that links between the web surfer and the company of the web site. It ensures that the credit card of the surfer is valid, that he has the amount of money to be paid in the bank, and transfers the needed amount from his account to the companys bank account. Bibliography1. Majzoub, Rami. Seminar on e-commerce at the Bristol Hotel. September 1999 (http://www.dailystar.com.lb)2. Al-Ittihad Al-Iktissadi. 30th Edition, February 2000. (pp. 29). 3. Haraky, Aly. ?Future of Commerce is Digital: Point and Click?. August 1999. (pp. 1). http://www.dailystar.com.lb4. Wilson, Ralph F. ?The Web Marketing Checklist?. Web Marketing Today. Issue 57, June 1, 1999. 5. ?Preparing a Customer Profile for Your Internet Marketing Plan?. Web Marketing Today. Issue 76, April 1, 2000. Marketing and Advertising

Womans Right To Choose Essays - Abortion, Fertility,

Woman's Right to Choose Abortion has been one of this country's most controversial topic on hand. But if one sees the constitutional infringement to women by the restriction of abortion, the torment to the unwanted child and the anguish society has to sustain,then this topic would not be so debatable. Too many people do not see the cause and effect of not being able to have abortions. All human beings are given some inalienable right guaranteed by the Constitution. One of those privilege is the right to pursue happiness. A baby can sometimes disrupt a woman's pursuit of happiness. Even if she decides to give it up for adoption, she still has the burden of carrying the fetus for nine months. Having the option to perform an abortion can solve that obstacle. Taking away this right would be invading on a woman's constitutional liberty. The unwanted child also suffers. Most of the time the mother of the unwanted child is very young and inexperienced or too poor to take care of the child. The child is usually malnourished, has no medical care, and gets very little attention or love. The foster care system isn't any better. Only a small percentage of the children are adopted by suitable parents. But the rest remain in the foster care system, where there is little or no personal care. In both cases, the child has a poor education because of the lack of attention and discipline. He grows up to be unproductive individual or a menace to society. Many get involved in drugs and crimes. These individuals are also very violent, lacking morality due small amount of care they received themselves. In the long run, not only does the child suffer but also society, who has to tolerate his violent behavior and crimes. An abortion can be seen as putting the child out of misery while he doesn't have the ability to reason or fear. In short, abortion allows a woman to retain her constitutional rights, it relieves a would be suffering child out of his distress and it establishes a safer and more peaceful society. On these grounds, abortion should be kept legal, and even encouraged to specific individuals, for benefits to all of us.

Chocolate War1 essays

Chocolate War1 essays Jerry Renault is a Fourteen year old kid who goes to Trinity High School where the school is practically run and owned by the school gang called the Vigils. Most of the kids in the school are in the Vigils. A school tradition is to send non-Vigil students off on crazy "assignments" that are made to annoy the teachers and to give the Vigils a good laugh. One day, Jerry gets an assignment from the Vigils. It is for him not to participate in the school chocolate sale for ten days, and then start selling them. The vigils want him to do that because the head of the school Brother Leon, bought an extraordinary amount of boxes and if anyone doesnt sell them, Brother Leon will get very worried since it is so crucial for all of the chocolates to be sold. So Jerry does what he is told and doesn't sell the chocolates for ten days. When the eleventh day comes, Brother Leon is in a good mood since he knows that Jerry is supposed to accept the chocolates, but when he goes down roll call and asks e veryone how many chocolates they have sold, Jerry says that he STILL won't sell the chocolates! This really shocks everyone. Then many of the students follow his lead and stop selling the chocolates. Then when Brother Leon sees the drop in chocolate sales, he calls Archie, the leader of the Vigils, into his office. He asks him to help support the chocolate sale. Archie agrees to help him out. So Archie goes back to the Vigils and tells them to all sells chocolates. Then all of the other students think that it is the "popular" thing to do. All of a sudden, the number of sales of chocolates skyrockets. Now, Jerry seems like a rebel against the whole school. So then Archie convinces Jerry to fight a Vigil member named Emile. Archie organizes the fight and he organizes it so that the whole school will be there watching. In the fight, Jerry gets knocked out and Brother Leon comes in and stops the fight. Jerry then admits to Goober that he was all wrong an ...

Using Lo Que to Form Noun Phrases in Spanish

Using Lo Que to Form Noun Phrases in Spanish A common way of forming a phrase that acts as a noun is to use lo que, as shown in the following excerpt from a news article. Learn how to use lo que to form noun phrases in Spanish along with its suggested translation and discover key notes on its vocabulary and grammar. Excerpt Antognini y otros colegas europeos y de EE UU presentan esta semana en science un estudio que seà ±ala que el protà ³n es ms pequeà ±o de lo que se cree. Los resultados confirman lo que el mismo equipo ya publicà ³ en Nature en 2010: El protà ³n parece ser 0,00000000000003 milà ­metros menor de lo que pensaban los investigadores. Source: ABC.es. Retrieved Jan. 25, 2013. Suggested Translation Antognini and other European and American colleagues are presenting a study in science this week that indicates that the proton is smaller than what is believed. The results confirm what the same research team already published in Nature in 2010: The proton seems to be 0.00000000000003 millimeters smaller than what researchers thought. Key Grammatical Issue Lo que, used in this selection three times, is a common way of starting a phrase that functions as a noun. It is best to think of lo que  as a single word, a type of neuter relative pronoun. When lo que refers to an idea or abstract action, it can almost always be translated as what or that which. Examples of everyday phrases using lo que in this way include: Lo que pasa;  what is happening.Lo que hemos hecho; what we have done.Lo que me preocupa; what is worrying me.Lo que sabemos; what we know.Lo que es inolvidable; what is unforgettable. The thing that can be used in translation when referring to something more specific: Lo que tiene seis ojos, the thing that has six eyes. Other Notes on Vocabulary and Grammar EE UU is a plural abbreviation for Estados Unidos.Ms pequeà ±o and menor are examples of comparisons of inequality.Se cree is a conjugated reflexive form of creer, a verb meaning to believe or to think. The reflexive here is used like the passive voice in that it indicates something is believed without explicitly stating who is doing the believing.Equipo in Spanish refers to a group of people working together for a common purpose. Usually translated as team, it is applied to non-sports activities more often than the English word is. Research team was used in translation for clarity.Ya is an adverb usually used to add emphasis. Already was used in the translation as a way of emphasizing that preliminary findings had been published earlier.See lessons on parecer, ser and pensar for more about the usage of those verbs.Note the use of the comma in the number where English would use a period. The original sentence came from a publication in Spain; had it come from Mexico, the number woul d have been rendered with a period.

Critical investigation of frame relay traffic Essay

Critical investigation of frame relay traffic - Essay Example This is the reason why the Frame Relay interface does not include an underlying sublayer assigned with error and flow control tasks such as LAP-B in X.25. Subsequently, Frame Relay is suitable for existing private and public networks based on digital TDM transmission systems. This paper is divided into 4 chapters. This is an introductory chapter. Next chapter is dedicated to a review of the literature on the technology. Then comes the methodology part and finally the conclusion. ISDN represents another ideal carrier for frame relay traffic able to support a number of frame mode bearer services (FMBS). This plurality of frame mode bearer services was considered necessary by the CCITT because Frame Relay may have to be supported over segments of analog technology, at least during the early stages of ISDN. There are two types of Frame Relay connections: permanent virtual connections (PVCs) and switched virtual connections (SVCs). The establishment, maintenance, and release of PVCs are subject to local management operations. On the other hand, signalling is required to manage SVCs. Of course, dynamically allocated SVCs are much more attractive compared to PVCs which function much like dedicated private lines. At present, the Frame Relay implementations are only PVC-based. This is due to both the complexity of the required signalling [3] and it s unavailability on the local loop. However, PVCs provide a good immediate solution because LAN-to-LAN interconnectivity is the main Frame Relay application. But the need for products supporting SVCs is growing and a lot of work is being done in this area. Work on the definition of the Frame Relay interface has been carried out by several organizations during the past years. CCITT has produced a series of standards covering the support of Frame Relay over ISDN, the provision of several Frame Mode Bearer Services (FMBS) and the

Class student dicussions answers week 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Class student dicussions answers week 3 - Essay Example Drive capacity and device speed are increasingly becoming more diverse and dynamic. On the same note, changes and improvements are being made on disk partition styles. This enables the user to settle on the most relevant or preferred style. Technological advancement has also redesigned disk partition management. In other words, disk partitioning can be done in more than way, thereby giving the user more choices for device management. This is also the case when it comes to the analysis of Windows 7 disk tools. Systems maintenance could leave some devices unsupported due to unavailability of device driver(s). In such an event, the device driver would have to be reinstalled. In order to make the right supply in terms of the required type and version of the device driver, the supplier has to be aware of the underlying needs. This is to ensure that the supplied device meets the current level of systems maintenance. At an organizational level, the issue of concern would be systems security subject to the installation of device driver(s). In terms of hard drive connections, both IDE and SATA are common at an individual and organizational level. I agree with Anna. Current operation systems are accompanied by many device drivers that suit personal, business, and organizational use. In the event that these drivers are not the latest versions, there are official websites that provide download links to the latest device drivers. Unlimited downloads are allowed, making it convenient for the user. Where automatic driver updates are configured, it is vital to ensure that only the important drivers are activated for automatic update. Too many automatic updates may not be necessarily, and they might consequently affect device performance. On the other hand, data and information storage is fundamental practice in the digital age. Internal and

Review on The Pursuit of Happyness Essay Example for Free

Review on The Pursuit of Happyness Essay The Pursuit of Happyness is a very moving film about a man and his quest for a better life. It is an inspiring case study of how many of the elements of happiness work together from relationships, to poverty, to positive mental attitude and determination. The movie is based on the true story of Chris Gardener, a struggling entrepreneur in 1980s San Francisco, with one driving ambition- to be a good father to his son. He tries to improve the family financial situation by purchasing and selling medical equipment, but the investment does not work out and the family sinks further into poverty. He sees his chance to make good after admiring a sports car on the street in the business district, where all the people seem happy. The car owner tells Chris he is a stock broker and anyone who is good with numbers and with people can be successful as a stock broker- even without a college degree. Chris uses his people skills and demonstrates the value of good relationships to get a chance at an internship where he must compete with 20 other candidates for 6 months for one paid position. His wife leaves him, he loses his apartment, bank accounts, credit cards, and has to spend time in jail, but all through it he is dedicated to keeping his son and pursuing his dream. The title, Pursuit of Happyness spelled with a y,comes from some graffiti at the daycare center and is also a reference to an essay written by a biracial man in the US shortly after the Declaration of Independence by Thomas Jefferson. The movie is beautifully acted by Will Smith and well written. It shows how people without money are often victimized and bullied by those who do have money and power. Yet Chris Gardener repeatedly demonstrates the importance of good relationships even with people who treat him badly. He shows the importance of knowing his strengths and using them, even in unconventional ways. His optimism turns into dogged determination as he demonstrates incredible persistence and creativity in his pursuit of happiness. The realism and emotional punch of the Christopher Gardner story makes this a moving and inspiring drama. Whether you are inspired to be grateful for your own circumstances or by the value of grace and determination, this movie is sure to show you something about happiness- its importance and how to get it. The Pursuit of Happyness teaches us a lot about the importance of virtues and strengths in our happy lives.

Fallacy Summary and Application Essay -- essays research papers

Abstract An argument is fallacious when it contains one or more logical fallacies. A logical fallacy is an argument that contains a mistake in reasoning (2002). When using critical thinking to make decisions, an individual or group needs to be aware of logical fallacies and how they relate to decision-making. Logical fallacies can be used to manipulate a situation and if a person or group does not recognize logical fallacies, the person or group can be manipulated during the decision-making process. This paper will discuss three common logical fallacies and how they can be used in the decision-making process between management and subordinates in a business setting.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Management Guru website states that, in logic, a fallacy is more than a mistaken belief; it is a flaw in the argument. Fallacies can be created intentionally because a person has an agenda or can be created by simple error. Because a fallacy is not a sound argument, critical thinking requires that we be cautious of arguments that attempt to persuade us to an action or belief that intuitively is uncomfortable (www.mgmtguru.com). At a small local company when the problem of excessive use of Internet access on company servers arose, managers and their subordinates used fallacious arguments to express their concerns during the problem solving and decision-making process.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  During a discussion group meeting that wa...

Mission Statement Essay

Microsoft â€Å"Our vision is to create innovative technology that is accessible to everyone and that adapts to each person’s needs. Accessible technology eliminates barriers for people with disabilities and it enables individuals to take full advantage of their capabilities.† —Bill Gates, Chairman, Microsoft Corporation Mission Statement The Microsoft mission regarding global diversity and inclusion is to create an environment that helps Microsoft capitalize on the diversity of its people and the inclusion of ideas and solutions to meet the needs of its increasingly global and diverse customer base. A Vision and Strategy for the Future Global Diversity and Inclusion are integral to the vision, strategy, and business success of Microsoft. Microsoft officially formed the Office of Diversity & Inclusion in recognition of the fact that leadership in the global marketplace requires a corporate culture and an inclusive business environment where the best and brightest diverse minds—employees with varied perspectives, skills, and experiences—work together to meet consumer demands. During the past few years, we have accomplished the following: * Developed a cohesive Global Diversity & Inclusion strategy linked to the company’s business and vision * Strengthened global perspective and integration of this diversity strategy across the company * Enhanced leadership engagement with the chief executive officer (CEO) and executive diversity sponsors * Improved overall quality and accuracy of diversity data in the U.S. and globally * Increased portfolio of diversity and inclusion training tools and courses Our results demonstrate that the collaboration of different cultures, ideas, and perspectives is an organizational asset and yields greater creativity and innovation. Global diversity and inclusion are business critical to the current and long-term success of Microsoft. Microsoft Accessibility Accessibility makes it easier for everyone to see, hear, and use a computer, and to personalize their computers to meet their own needs and preferences. For many people with impairments, accessibility is what makes computer use possible. Mission At Microsoft, our mission and values are to help people and businesses throughout the world to realize their full potential. We consider our mission statement a promise to our customers. We deliver on that promise by striving to create technology that is accessible to everyone—of all ages and abilities. Microsoft leads the industry in accessibility innovation and in building products that are safer and easier to use. Apple As a leader in innovation, the mission statement of the Apple company should be equally innovative, inspiring and somewhat lofty, but officially and unofficially Apple’s mission is barely a mission at all. (See the Apple, Inc. mission statement below.) The Mission Statement, Global Vision, and Values of Apple, Inc. It was widely reported that a famous quote from Steve Jobs in the 1980’s was the Apple company mission statement: â€Å"Man is the creator of change in this world. As such he should be above systems and structures, and not subordinate to them.† The â€Å"official† mission statement on the Apple corporation website, however, is not really a mission statement at all, but rather a list of products and past accomplishments. As stated, Apple’s â€Å"mission† is†¦ â€Å"Apple designs Macs, the best personal computers in the world, along with OS X, iLife, iWork and professional software. Apple leads the digital music revolution with its iPods and iTunes online store. Apple has reinvented the mobile phone with its revolutionary iPhone and App Store, and has recently introduced iPad 2 which is defining the future of mobile media and computing devices.† Apple ends its press releases with a statement that resembles what a traditional mission statement is expected to be†¦ â€Å"Apple is committed to bringing the best personal computing experience to students, educators, creative professionals and consumers around the world through its innovative hardware, software and Internet offerings.† Coca Cola The world is changing all around us. To continue to thrive as a business over the next 10 years and beyond we must look ahead. Understanding the trends and forces that will shape our business in the future and moving swiftly will prepare us for what’s to come. These are the declarations of our overall mission and goals, and the values that we are guided by as a company and as individuals. The CocaCola Company Mission Our mission is: * To refresh the world – in mind, body and spirit * To inspire moments of optimism – through our brands and actions * To create value and make a difference everywhere we engage The CocaCola Company Vision To achieve our mission, we have developed a set of goals, which we will work with our bottlers to deliver: Profit: Maximising return to shareholders, while being mindful of our overall responsibilities People: Being a great place to work, where people are inspired to be the best they can be Portfolio: Bringing to the world a portfolio of beverage brands that anticipate and satisfy people’s desires and needs Partners: Nurturing a winning network of partners and building mutual loyalty Planet: Being a responsible global citizen that makes a difference Productivity: Be a highly effective, lean and fast-moving organisation Our Winning Culture Our Winning Culture defines the attitudes and behaviors that will be required of us to make our 2020 Vision a reality. Live Our Values Our values serve as a compass for our actions and describe how we behave in the world. * Leadership: The courage to shape a better future * Collaboration: Leverage collective genius * Integrity: Be real * Accountability: If it is to be, it’s up to me * Passion: Committed in heart and mind * Diversity: As inclusive as our brands * Quality: What we do, we do well Focus on the Market * Focus on needs of our consumers, customers and franchise partners * Get out into the market and listen, observe and learn * Possess a world view * Focus on execution in the marketplace every day * Be insatiably curious Work Smart * Act with urgency * Remain responsive to change * Have the courage to change course when needed * Remain constructively discontent * Work efficiently Act Like Owners * Be accountable for our actions and inactions * Steward system assets and focus on building value * Reward our people for taking risks and finding better ways to solve problems * Learn from our outcomes — what worked and what didn’t Be the Brand * Inspire creativity, passion, optimism and fun Mc Donald’s Mission & Values McDonald’s brand mission is to be our customers’ favorite place and way to eat and drink. Our worldwide operations are aligned around a global strategy called the Plan to Win, which center on an exceptional customer experience – People, Products, Place, Price and Promotion. We are committed to continuously improving our operations and enhancing our customers’ experience. McDonald’s Values We place the customer experience at the core of all we do. Our customers are the reason for our existence. We demonstrate our appreciation by providing them with high quality food and superior service in a clean, welcoming environment, at a great value. Our goal is quality, service, cleanliness and value (QSC&V) for each and every customer, each and every time. We are committed to our people. We provide opportunity, nurture talent, develop leaders and reward achievement. We believe that a team of well-trained individuals with diverse backgrounds and experiences, working together in an environment that fosters respect and drives high levels of engagement, is essential to our continued success. We believe in the McDonald’s System. McDonald’s business model, depicted by our â€Å"three-legged stool† of owner/operators, suppliers, and company employees, is our foundation, and balancing the interests of all three groups is key. We operate our business ethically. Sound ethics is good business. At McDonald’s, we hold ourselves and conduct our business to high standards of fairness, honesty, and integrity. We are individually accountable and collectively responsible. We give back to our communities. We take seriously the responsibilities that come with being a leader. We help our customers build better communities, support Ronald McDonald House Charities, and leverage our size, scope and resources to help make the world a better place. We grow our business profitably. McDonald’s is a publicly traded company. As such, we work to provide sustained profitable growth for our shareholders. This requires a continuous focus on our customers and the health of our system. We strive continually to improve. We are a learning organization that aims to anticipate and respond to changing customer, employee and system needs through constant evolution and innovation.

Internet and Young People Essay

The brains of young people growing up â€Å"hyperconnected† to the Internet might be wired differently from those of their elders, suggests a recent survey of technology experts, who were split on whether the newfangled wiring is desirable. Researchers from the Pew Research Center and Elon University recently conducted an opt-in, nonrandom, online survey of 1,021 technology stakeholders and critics. Participants were asked which of two predictions about teens and young adults seem more likely by 2020—a scenario in which they’re savvy and productive, or one in which they’re hampered by impatience and shallowness. HR professionals might, as a result, have to change the ways in which they manage these younger workers. Some 55 percent of survey participants agreed that the brains of multitasking young people will be wired differently from the brains of those older than 35, mostly for the better. They said young people won’t suffer notable cognitive shortcomings, and that â€Å"they are learning more and they are more adept at finding answers to deep questions,† in part because they’re good at going online and finding collective intelligence. Some 42 percent of survey participants expected brain-wiring changes with negative results, including a thirst for instant gratification. They expect young people will â€Å"not retain information; they spend most of their energy sharing short social messages, being entertained, and being distracted away from deep engagement with people and knowledge. They lack deep-thinking capabilities; they lack face-to-face social skills; [and] they depend in unhealthy ways on the Internet and mobile devices to function.† Even some who chose the positive prediction said it was more their hope than their best guess, â€Å"and a number of people said the true outcome will be a combination of both scenarios,† according to the Pew-Elon survey report, published Feb. 29, 2012. While they were not offered a third option, some participants disagreed with the notion that the wiring of young people’s brains will be different from previous generations’ wiring but thought Millennials’ thinking patterns probably will be. Game Change Teens and adults who grew up playing video games â€Å"will have lasting problems with focus and attention,† futurist author Marcel Bullinga commented in the survey. â€Å"They find distraction while working, distraction while driving [and] distraction while talking to the neighbors. Parents and teachers will have to invest major time and efforts into solving this issue,† he said, by helping young people learn to appreciate quiet contemplation without their mobile devices. â€Å"All in all, I think the negative side effects can be healed,† Bullinga added. Some of those surveyed noted that they themselves, as older adults, have become highly connected to technology, with positive and negative results. Respondents included educators who noted a diminishment of critical thinking skills and attention spans among students. David Ellis, communications studies director at Toronto’s York University, contends that multitasking hinders productivity, even for the very bright. Contrary to popular opinion, he doesn’t see Millennials as effective users of digital tools. â€Å"The idea that Millennials have a cognitive advantage over their elders is based on myths about multitasking, the skill sets of digital natives and 24/7 connectedness,† he commented in the survey. â€Å"Far from having an edge in learning, I see Millennials as increasingly trapped by the imperatives of online socializing and the opportunities offered by their smart phones to communicate from any place, any time.† HR experts already see refreshing and exasperating differences in Millennials in the workplace. â€Å"Millennials are an interesting group of employees† and â€Å"very different† from other generations, said Susan Heathfield, a Michigan-based management consultant and business owner who writes the human resources section for About.com. Attachment to technology â€Å"causes them to be on 24/7,† she told SHRM Online, adding that young workers wouldn’t imagine going on vacation without a phone and e-mail access. They’re likely to conduct most business on smart phones, she said. â€Å"It creates this mentality where work and what is not work is flowing together.† For example, she said, an employee might watch the NCAA basketball tournament on a computer at 11 a.m. and answer a colleague’s e-mail at 11 p.m. â€Å"Millennial employees are looking for change and challenge. Boring is bad. They want their tasks changing all the time,† Heathfield said. They want autonomy and reassurance. â€Å"It just blows my mind watching how this batch of employees was raised,† she said. â€Å"They want lots of praise, lots of feedback—every day. †¦ If you ignore their ideas, ‘What’s your problem? My ideas are great.’ † Their connectedness can lead to behavior that older colleagues consider rude, like texting during meetings. While Heathfield didn’t want to generalize, she noted that Millennials grew up working in teams and â€Å"they don’t think twice about whether the opinion they express hurts someone else’s feelings. †¦ A Millennial is more likely to say, ‘What a sucky idea,’ and they don’t mean it in an insulting way.† Everyone must adjust in order to become comfortable with generational differences, she said. â€Å"You appreciate these kids with their fresh ideas, their youthful thinking, their sort of ‘I can do anything’ approach to the workplace,† she said. â€Å"They’re like a breath of fresh air in many ways.†

Emile Durkheim and His Impact on Sociology

Emile Durkheim and His Impact on Sociology Émile Durkheim, one of the founding thinkers of sociology, was born in France on April 15, 1858. The year 2017 marks the 159th anniversary of his birth. To honor the birth and life of this important sociologist, well take a look at why he remains so important to sociologists today. What Makes Society Work? Durkheims body of work as a researcher and theorist focused on how it is that a society can form and function, which is another way of saying, how it can maintain order and stability (See his books titled The Division of Labor in Society  and The Elementary Forms of Religious Life). For this reason, he is considered the creator of the functionalist perspective within sociology. Durkheim was most interested in the glue that holds society together, which means he focused on the shared experiences, perspectives, values, beliefs, and behaviors that allow people to feel that they are a part of a group  and that working together to maintain the group is in their common interest. In essence, Durkheims work was all about culture, and as such, it remains deeply relevant and important to how sociologists study culture today. We draw on his contributions to help make sense of what holds us together, and also, and quite importantly, to help us understand the things that divide us, and how we deal (or dont deal) with those divisions. On Solidarity and the Collective Conscience Durkheim referred to how we bind together around a shared culture as solidarity. Through his research, he found that this was achieved through a combination of rules, norms, and roles; the existence of a collective conscience, which refers to how we think in common given our shared culture; and through the collective engagement in rituals that remind us of the values we share in common, of our group affiliation, and our shared interests. So, how is this theory of solidarity, crafted in the late 19th century, relevant today? One subfield in which it remains salient is the Sociology of Consumption. In studying why, for example, people often make purchases and use credit in ways that conflict with their own economic interests, many sociologists draw on Durkheims concepts to point out the important role that​  consumerist rituals play in our lives and relationships, like giving gifts for Christmas and Valentines Day, or waiting in line to be among the first owners of a new product. Other sociologists rely on Durkheims formulation of the collective conscious to study how certain beliefs and behaviors persist over time, and how they connect to things like politics and public policy. The collective conscious- a cultural phenomenon premised on shared values and beliefs- helps explain why many politicians are elected based on the values they claim to espouse, rather than on the basis of their actual track record as legislators. The Dangers of Anomie Today, Durkheims work is also useful to sociologists who rely on his concept of anomie to study the way violence often crops up- whether to the self or others- in the midst of societal change. This concept refers to how societal change, or the perception of it, can cause one to feel disconnected from society given changes in norms, values, and expectations, and how this can cause both psychic and material chaos. In a related vein, Durkheims legacy also helps explain  why disrupting everyday norms and routines with protest is an important way of raising awareness of issues  and of building movements around them. There are more ways that Durkheims body of work remains important, relevant, and useful to sociologists today. You can learn more about that by studying him, and by asking sociologists how they rely on his contributions.

Billy Bishop - World War I Ace

Billy Bishop - World War I Ace Billy Bishop - Early Life Career: Born February 8, 1894 at Owen Sound, Ontario, William Billy Bishop was the second (of three) child of William A. and Margaret Bishop.   Attending Owen Sound Collegiate and Vocational Institute as a youth, Bishop proved a marginal student though excelled in individual sports such as riding, shooting, and swimming.   Possessing an interest in aviation, he unsuccessfully attempted to build his first aircraft at age fifteen.   Following in his older brothers footsteps, Bishop entered the Royal Military College of Canada in 1911.   Continuing to struggle with his studies, he failed his first year when he was caught cheating. Pressing on at RMC, Bishop elected to leave school in late 1914 following the beginning of World War I.   Joining the Mississauga Horse regiment, he received a commission as an officer but soon fell ill with pneumonia.   As a result, Bishop missed the units departure for Europe.   Transferred to the 7th Canadian Mounted Rifles, he proved an excellent marksman.   Embarking for Britain on June 6, 1915, Bishop and his comrades arrived at Plymouth seventeen days later.   Sent to the Western Front, he soon became unhappy in the mud and tedium of the trenches.   After seeing a Royal Flying Corps aircraft pass over, Bishop began seeking an opportunity to attend flight school.   Though he was able to secure a transfer to the RFC, no flight training positions were open and he instead learned to be an aerial observer. Billy Bishop - Beginning with the RFC: Assigned to No. 21 (Training) Squadron at Netheravon, Bishop first flew aboard an Avro 504.   Learning to take aerial photos, he soon proved skilled at this form of photography and began teaching other aspiring airmen.   Sent to the front in January 1916, Bishop operated from a field near St. Omer and flew Royal Aircraft Factory R.E.7s.   Four months later, he injured his knee when his aircrafts engine failed at takeoff.   Placed on leave, Bishop traveled to London where his knees condition worsened.   Hospitalized, he met socialite Lady St. Helier while recuperating.   Learning that his father had suffered a stroke, Bishop, with St. Heliers aid, obtained leave to briefly travel to Canada.   Due to this trip, he missed the Battle of the Somme which started that July.   Returning to Britain that September, Bishop, again with St. Heliers assistance, finally secured admission to flight training.   Arriving at the Central Flying School at Upavon, he spent the next two months receiving aviation instruction.   Ordered to No. 37 Squadron in Essex, Bishops initial assignment called for him to patrol over London to intercept night raids by German airships.   Quickly boring of this duty, he requested a transfer and was ordered to Major Alan Scotts No. 60 Squadron near Arras.   Flying older Nieuport 17s, Bishop struggled and received orders to return to Upavon for further training.   Retained by Scott until a replacement could arrive, he achieved his first kill, an Albatros D.III, on March 25, 1917, though he crashed in no mans land when his engine failed.   Escaping back to Allied lines, Bishops orders for Upavon were rescinded.    Billy Bishop - Flying Ace: Quickly earning Scotts trust, Bishop was appointed a flight commander on March 30 and achieved his second victory the following day.   Permitted to conduct solo patrols, he continued to score and on April 8 downed his fifth German aircraft to become an ace.   These early victories were obtained via a hard-charging style of flying and fighting.   Realizing that this was a dangerous approach, Bishop shifted to more surprise-oriented tactics in April.   This proved effective as he downed twelve enemy aircraft that month.   The month also saw him earn a promotion to captain and win the Military Cross for his performance during the Battle of Arras.   After surviving an encounter with German ace Manfred von Richthofen (The Red Baron) on April 30, Bishop continued his stellar performance in May adding to his tally and winning the Distinguished Service Order. On June 2, Bishop conducted a solo patrol against a German airfield.   During the mission, he claimed three enemy aircraft shot down as well as several destroyed on the ground.   Though he may have embellished the results of this mission, it won him the Victoria Cross.   A month later, the squadron transitioned into the more powerful Royal Aircraft Factory SE.5.   Continuing his success, Bishop soon ran his total to over forty achieving the status of highest-scoring ace in the RFC.   Among the most famous of the Allied aces, he was withdrawn from the front that fall.   Returning to Canada, Bishop married Margaret Burden on October 17 and made appearances to bolster morale.   Following this, he received orders to join the British War Mission in Washington, DC to assist in advising the US Army on building an air force. Billy Bishop - Top British Scorer: In April 1918, Bishop received a promotion to major and returned to Britain.   Eager to resume operations at the front, he had been passed as British top scorer by Captain James McCudden.   Given command of the newly-formed No. 85 Squadron, Bishop took his unit to  Petite-Synthe, France on May 22.   Familiarizing himself with the area, he downed a German plan five days later.   This began a run that saw him raise his tally to 59 by June 1 and reclaim the scoring lead from McCudden.   Though he continued to score over the next two weeks, the Canadian government and his superiors became increasingly concerned about the blow to morale if he were to be killed.   As a result, Bishop received orders on June 18 to depart the front the following day and travel to England to aid in organizing the new Canadian Flying Corps.   Angered by these orders, Bishop conducted a final mission on the morning of June 19 which saw him down five more German aircraft and raise his score to 72.   Bishops total made him the top-scoring British pilot of the war and second-highest Allied pilot behind Rene Fonck.   As many of Bishops kills were unwitnessed, historians in recent years have begun to question his total.   Promoted to lieutenant colonel on August 5, he received the post of Officer Commanding-designate of the Canadian Air Force Section of the General Staff, Headquarters Overseas Military Forces of Canada.   Bishop remained in the job until the end of the war that November. Billy Bishop - Later Career: Discharged from the Canadian Expeditionary Force on December 31, Bishop began lecturing on aerial warfare.   This was followed by a short-lived passenger air service that he started with fellow Canadian ace Lieutenant Colonel William George Barker.   Moving to Britain in 1921, Bishop remained engaged in aviation concerns and eight years later became chairman of British Air Lines.   Financially devastated by the stock market crash in 1929, Bishop returned to Canada and ultimately obtained a position as vice president of the McColl-Frontenac Oil Company.   Resuming military service in 1936, he received a commission as the Royal Canadian Air Forces first air vice-marshal.   With the beginning of World War II in 1939, Bishop was elevated to air marshal and tasked with overseeing recruitment. Highly effective in this role, Bishop soon found himself compelled to turn away applicants.   Also overseeing pilot training, he aided in authoring the British Commonwealth Air Training Plan which guided the instruction of nearly half those who served in the Commonwealths air forces.   Under extreme stress, Bishops health began to fail and in 1944 he retired from active service.   Returning to the private sector, he accurately predicted the postwar boom in the commercial aviation industry.   With the beginning of the Korean War in 1950, Bishop offered to return to his recruitment role but his poor health led to the RCAF politely declining.   He later died on September 11, 1956, while wintering in Palm Beach, FL.   Returned to Canada, Bishop received full honors before his ashes were interred at  Greenwood Cemetery in Owen Sound. Selected Sources Bishop HouseAce Pilots: Billy BishopHistoryNet: Billy Bishop

Luxury goods in China Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Luxury goods in China - Essay Example The paper tells that possession of the luxury brand has been a trend in market of China especially among the girls of various age groups between 18 years to 30 years old. Girls like to go for shopping and they prefer visiting malls where they get almost everything under one roof. The various characteristics of the luxury brands which have been observed are that it has aesthetic value; it is costly as compared to regular brands. It has also been found that the luxury brands are quite sophisticated to handle as compared to regular brands. They have a classic look which is the reason that people get attracted more towards the luxury brands. The Chinese economy is strengthening day by day as there is an increment in the demand of the luxury goods. Mostly teenagers and unmarried ladies prefer luxury brands. Most of the customers like to pay innumerable number of times for luxury products but there are few customers who pay lesser number of times for luxury products but prefers high value product. The most preferred products for the luxury brand have been perfumes, watches, fashionable clothes, ornaments and laptops and in order to attain these products they would even prefer to go to outside places. They even get these items as gifts from their friends, families and in the similar way they also provide gifts to their friends and families. Eastern brands have been preferred for camera, ornaments which are artificial products. The similarity between the Western and the Eastern brand is that both the brands have high degree of excellence and the technology that is used to manufacture both the product is highly upgraded.